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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Агрономия и животноводство</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-797X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-7988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">19507</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-797X-2019-14-3-196-208</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Genetics and plant breeding</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Генетика и селекция растений</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Detection of genes associated with qualitative characteristics of gluten</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Определение генов, контролирующих качественные характеристики глютена</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Azawi</surname><given-names>Nagham Majeed</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Азауи</surname><given-names>Нагам Хамид</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>naghamalazawi@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abed</surname><given-names>Ziyad Asmail</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абед</surname><given-names>Зияд Асмаил</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Department of Field Crop Sciences</p></bio><email>naghamalazawi@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Al-Issawi</surname><given-names>Mohammed</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аль-Иссави</surname><given-names>Мохаммед</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Department of Field Crops</p></bio><email>naghamalazawi@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Baghdad</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Багдадский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Al-Anbar</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Анбара</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 14, NO3 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 14, №3 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>196</fpage><lpage>208</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Al-Azawi N.M., Abed Z.A., Al-Issawi M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Аль-Азауи Н.Х., Абед З.А., Аль-Иссави М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Al-Azawi N.M., Abed Z.A., Al-Issawi M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аль-Азауи Н.Х., Абед З.А., Аль-Иссави М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19507">https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19507</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The research was aimed at analyzing allelic variants of protein in wheat varieties used in Iraqi bakery and evaluating these varieties via genetic source using grain quality selection. Variety tests were carried out at field experimental station of Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. The analysis of wheat grain quality was made after harvesting in mid August. Allele state of genes controlling the quality of gluten in wheat grain was determined using the PCR method. Samples of Iraqi wheat varieties 12 (soft wheat) and One (durum wheat) are characterized by considerable variation of gluten content and quality. The five varieties whose genotype include an allelic variant of high molecular weight glutenins Glu-D1 5+10 and subunit Glu-A1-2* (Fateh, Tamuz-3, Abighreb-3, Iraq and Maxibak) were also studied. The highest gluten content was from 31.5 % in Iraq to 35.3 % in Fateh variety, while the gluten quality was not below the second group. Five varieties - Farah, AlMurug, Sham-6, Tahadi and Sabirbeg - had unusual combination of the allelic state of Glu-D1 2+12 (which is usually associated with low gluten quality) with a 2* subunit for the Glu-A1 locus, which determines the possibility of improving gluten quality to the wheat varieties.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследование посвящено анализу аллельных вариантов белка, подходящих для использования в хлебобулочных изделиях, изготавливаемых из сортов иракской пшеницы, а также оценке этих сортов с помощью генетического источника с использованием методики качественного отбора зерна. Испытания сортов проводились на полевой опытной станции Российского аграрного университета им. Тимирязева. Анализ качества зерна пшеницы проведен после сбора урожая в середине августа, с помощью метода полимеразной цепной реакции определено аллельное состояние генов, контролирующих качество клейковины зерна пшеницы. Объектом исследования являлись 12 иракских сортов мягкой пшеницы и 1 сорт твердой пшеницы, характеризующиеся значительными колебаниями содержания глютена и его качества. Пять сортов пшеницы содержат в своем генотипе аллельный вариант высокомолекулярных глютенинов Glu-D1 5 + 10 и субъединицы Glu-A1-2* (Fateh, Tamuz-3, Abighreb-3, Iraq и Maxibak). Наибольшее содержание глютена в зернах этих сортов составляет от 31,5 (Iraq) до 35,3 % (Fateh), при этом качество глютена не опускается ниже второй группы. У сортов Farah, Al-Murug, Sham-6, Tahadi и Sabirbeg встречается интересная комбинация аллельного состояния гена Glu-D1 2 + 12, обычно ассоциирующегося с низким качеством глютена, и субъединицей 2* для локуса Glu-A1, которая позволяет повысить качественные показатели глютена до уровня изучаемых сортов пшеницы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft wheat</kwd><kwd>grain quality</kwd><kwd>protein content</kwd><kwd>gluten content</kwd><kwd>allelic</kwd><kwd>glutenins condition</kwd><kwd>baking qualities</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мягкая пшеница</kwd><kwd>качество зерна</kwd><kwd>содержание белка</kwd><kwd>содержание глютена</kwd><kwd>аллель</kwd><kwd>глютенины</kwd><kwd>хлебопекарные качества</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wiesner H, Seilmeier W, Belitz HD. 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