RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesRUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Агрономия и животноводство2312-797X2312-7988Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba1960710.22363/2312-797X-2020-15-4-403-416Veterinary scienceВетеринарияReview ArticleKetosis and its role in Bos taurus reproductive impairmentКетоз и его роль в нарушении репродуктивной функции Bos TaurusShiryaevGennady V.ШиряевГеннадий Владимирович

PhD (Agr. Sci.), Senior Researcher, Department of Reproduction of Farm Animals

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела воспроизводства сельскохозяйственных животных

gs-2027@yandex.ruStanislavovichTatyana I.СтаниславовичТатьяна Ивановна

PhD (Agr. Sci.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Development Biology

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биологии развития

lllfor@mail.ruPolitovVladimir P.ПолитовВладимир Петрович

veterinarian

ветеринарный врач

v.politow4003@yandex.ruL. K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal HusbandryФедеральный научный центр животноводства - ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста15122020154VOL 15, NO4 (2020)ТОМ 15, №4 (2020)40341625122020Copyright ©; 2020, Shiryaev G.V., Stanislavovich T.I., Politov V.P.Copyright ©; 2020, Ширяев Г.В., Станиславович Т.И., Политов В.П.2020Shiryaev G.V., Stanislavovich T.I., Politov V.P.Ширяев Г.В., Станиславович Т.И., Политов В.П.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19607

The analysis of relevant and significant scientific research on the physiological and biochemical aspects of ketosis, and the main mechanisms of influence on reproductive function in this metabolic pathology is presented. Strengthening breeding potential and creating conditions for its implementation through modern feeding and maintenance technologies led to the spread of diseases of non-communicable etiology, including ketosis diseases. Ketotic diseases cause various disorders in carbohydrate-lipid, protein, water-electrolyte and vitamin-mineral metabolism. The monitoring of studies on the biological role of ketosis showed its effect on animal fertility, quality of female gametes and fetal development. When considering ketosis, it is important to understand precisely the mechanisms of influence, since many methods for diagnosing and combating ketosis diseases are based on their knowledge. The key mechanisms of ketone bodies formation, the reasons for increase in their concentration were considered. It is of great practical importance for development of diagnostic tests that make it possible to determine the direction of disturbances in energy and plastic processes. Based on the data presented in the studies, conclusions were drawn about the role of β-hydroxybutyric acid as a direct factor in reducing the reproductive function of Bos taurus .

Представлен анализ актуальных и значимых научных исследований о физиологических и биохимических аспектах кетоза, а также основных механизмах воздействия на репродуктивную функцию при данной метаболической патологии. Усиление селекционного потенциала и создание условий для его реализации с помощью современных технологий кормления и содержания обусловило распространение заболеваний незаразной этиологии, среди которых особое место занимают кетозные заболевания. Кетозные заболевания приводят к различным нарушениям в углеводно-липидном, белковом, водно-электролитном и витаминно-минеральном обменах. Проведенный мониторинг исследований биологической роли кетоза показал его влияние на фертильность животных, качество женских гамет и развитие плода. При рассмотрении кетозов важно понимать именно механизмы влияния, так как многие методы диагностики и борьбы с кетозными заболеваниями строятся на их знании. Рассмотрены ключевые вопросы механизмов образования кетоновых тел, причины повышения их концентрации, что имеет важное практическое значение для разработки диагностических тестов, которые дают возможность определить направленность нарушений в энергетических и пластических процессах. На основании представленных в рассматриваемых исследованиях данных сделаны выводы о роли β-оксимасляной кислоты как прямого фактора в снижении репродуктивной функции Bos Taurus .

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