RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesRUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries2312-797X2312-7988Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba1982910.22363/2312-797X-2022-17-4-466-472Research ArticleBreeding value of safflower in arid conditions of the Northern CaspianZaitsevaNadezhda A.<p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of Laboratory of crop breeding</p>konf_pniiaz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-398XYachmenevaEkaterina V.<p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of crop breeding</p>rfn.yz2009@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-9408KlimovaIrina I.<p>Researcher, Laboratory of Agricultural Crops Breeding</p>irina.ssd1981@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9582-3752Precaspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences2712202217446647227122022Copyright © 2022, Zaitseva N.A., Yachmeneva E.V., Klimova I.I.2022<p style="text-align: justify;">Low and unstable yields of the main oilseed crops do not create interest for their large-scale cultivation in conditions of the Northern Caspian - A strakhan region. For this reason, gross harvest of oilseeds is reducing significantly creating a vegetable oil shortage. Currently, safflower cultivation is relevant due to high drought resistance and quality indicators of safflower oil. 24 collection samples of safflower were studied on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region in 2019-2021. The experiments on safflower cultivars from seed collection of Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry were carried out at the experimental site of Precaspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Influence of the main abiotic and biotic environmental factors on morpho-biological and economic characteristics of safflower was determined. Based on the results obtained, the following promising samples having breeding value as a starting material for creation of new cultivars were identified: Gila, Shahalli-260, Tsambuli, Shirkas, Talan, Centr 70, Moldir, Nurlan, Aleksandrit, Shifo, Sinaloa-90. Productivity and oil content of the selected cultivars exceeded the indicators of cv. Astrakhan 747 (standard) by 0.431.06 t/ha and 1.753.02 %, respectively.</p>Carthamus tinctorius Lvariety testingyieldoil contentсортоиспытаниеурожайностьмасличностьCarthamus tinctorius L<p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>Characteristics of selected safflower cultivars, 20192021</strong></em></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p style="text-align: center;">Cultivar</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Origin</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>Yield, t/ha</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>Oil content,%</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>Oil yield per 1 ha, kg</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Astrakhansky 747, st</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Russia</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.58</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>28.58</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>134.3</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Gila</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Mexico</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>1.07</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>28.16</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>146.4</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Sinaloa-90</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Mexico</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.86</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>30.33</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>182.0</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Aleksandrit</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Russia</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.61</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>31.02</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>145.8</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>VIR 2933</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Tajikistan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.87</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>28.54</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>119.9</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Shahalli-260</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Tajikistan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>1.02</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>27.03</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>189.2</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Tsambuli</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Tajikistan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>1.64</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>29.37</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>264.3</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Shirkas</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>1.03</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>28.70</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>198.0</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Talan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>1.01</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>30.47</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>158.4</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Centr 70</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>1.28</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>27.86</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>242.4</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Alkyzyl</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.79</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>25.67</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>190.0</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Moldir</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.60</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>31.60</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>123.2</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Nurlan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.72</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>31.02</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>186.1</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="144">
<p>Akmay</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="87">
<p>Kazakhstan</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>0.80</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="96">
<p>29.14</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" width="107">
<p>195.2</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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