RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesRUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Агрономия и животноводство2312-797X2312-7988Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba1983710.22363/2312-797X-2022-17-4-555-566Veterinary scienceВетеринарияResearch ArticleMicrobial diversity in the cecum of broiler chickens after introduction of coumarin and feed antibiotic into the dietОценка микробного разнообразия слепого отдела кишечника цыплят-бройлеров при введении кумарина и кормового антибиотика в рационhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367DuskaevGalimzhan K.ДускаевГалимжан Калиханович

Doctor of Biology, Leading Researcher, Department of Feeding Agricultural Animals and Feed Technology, Deputy Director

доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела кормления с/х животных и технологии кормов, заместитель директора

gduskaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-9656LazebnikKristina S.ЛазебникКристина Сергеевна

Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research in Animal Husbandry

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-генетических исследований в животноводстве

christinakondrashova94@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4298-1663KlimovaTatyana A.КлимоваТатьяна Андреевна

Researcher, Laboratory of Microbiology

научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологии

klimovat91@mail.ruFederal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the RASФедеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук27122022174VOL 17, NO4 (2022)ТОМ 17, №4 (2022)55556627122022Copyright ©; 2022, Duskaev G.K., Lazebnik K.S., Klimova T.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Дускаев Г.К., Лазебник К.С., Климова Т.А.2022Duskaev G.K., Lazebnik K.S., Klimova T.A.Дускаев Г.К., Лазебник К.С., Климова Т.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19837

In modern world, there is a need to search for alternatives to antibiotics due to the growing resistance of microorganisms. Plant extracts can be a promising replacement. Due to biological functions, they can suppress the development of various processes associated with pathogenicity and virulence, in particular, the Quorum sensing process. Based on the above, the aim of the study was to assess the bioactivity of 7,8-dihydroxy-4- methylcoumarin and 20% chlortetracycline in relation to the microbial diversity of the cecum of broiler chickens. 4 groups of broiler chickens were formed for the experiment. The control group received a diet without additives (basic diet (BD)); group I - BD + 20% chlortetracycline, at the dosage 0.63 g/kg bw per day, group II - BD + 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin at a dose of 9.0 mcg/ kg bw per day; Group III - BD + 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin + 20% chlortetracycline. The NGS of the 16S rRNA gene was used as a research method. Analysis of the results showed that addition of coumarin, the antibiotic and their combination to the poultry diet had an impact on formation of the microbial composition of intestine. Moreover, there was a decrease in the number of Lactobacillaceae , Lachnospiraceae and Erysipelotrichaceae families. In addition, the proportion of opportunistic Streptococcus flora decreased more than by 10 %.

В современных условиях существует необходимость поиска альтернатив антибиотикам в связи с растущей резистентностью микроорганизмов. Перспективной заменой могут выступать растительные экстракты, которые благодаря своим биологическим функциям могут подавлять развитие различных процессов, связанных с патогенностью и вирулентностью, в частности, процесс Quorum sensing. Цель исследования - о ценка биоактивности 7,8-дигидрокси-4-метилкумарина и 20% хлортетрациклина по отношению к микробному разнообразию слепого отдела кишечника цыплят-бройлеров. Для эксперимента были сформированы 4 группы цыплят-бройлеров. Контрольная группа получала рацион без добавок (основной рацион (ОР)); I группа - OР + 20% хлортетрациклин в дозировке 0,63 г/ кг ж. м./ сут, II группа - О Р + 7,8-дигидрокси-4-метилкумарин в дозе 9,0 мкг/кг ж. м./сут; III группа - O P + 7,8-дигидрокси-4-метилкумарин + 20% хлортетрациклин. В качестве метода исследования использовалось NGS гена 16S рРНК. Анализ результатов показал, что добавление кумарина, антибиотика и их сочетания в рацион птицы оказали влияние на формирование микробного состава кишечника. При этом наблюдается сокращение численности семейств Lactobacillaceae , Lachnospiraceae и Erysipelotrichaceae. Кроме этого, более чем на 10 % убывает доля условно-патогенной микрофлоры рода Streptococcus.

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