RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesRUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries2312-797X2312-7988Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba1986310.22363/2312-797X-2023-18-1-31-44Research ArticleEffect of mineral fertilizers, forecrops and soil-climatic conditions on millet productivity in steppe zone of the Southern UralsMitrofanovDmitry V.<p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Leading Researcher, Department of Agriculture and Resource-Saving Technologies</p>dvm.80@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-6904Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences30032023181314406042023Copyright © 2023, Mitrofanov D.V.2023<p style="text-align: justify;">The research was carried out on southern chernozems in arid conditions of the Orenburg Urals in 2002-2021. The influence of agrometeorological conditions of the growing season, spring reserves of soil moisture and nutrients, cellulolytic activity of microorganisms, content of organic matter, humus and acidity in the soil after applying mineral fertilizers on increasing productivity of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) cv. Orenburg 9 were studied. The soil and millet crops were selected as the object of research. The work uses field, thermastatic-weight, ionometric, Machigin, application-weight, Tyurin, dispersion and statistical methods of research. Field experiments were performed in four-field, two-field crop rotations and continuous cropping according to the following scheme: 1) Sowing after durum wheat in the aftereffect of black fallow (control); 2) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of black fallow; 3) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of soil-protective fallow; 4) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of sideral fallow; 5) Sowing after durum wheat; 6) Millet continuous cropping. It was revealed that the studied factors in the experiment increased millet productivity under two-field crop rotation with durum wheat after fertilizers application. Compared to the control, the maximum increase of grain yield was after using ammophos complex fertilizer (N40P40) - by 0.45 tons; feed units - 0.44; energy units - 0.26 and feed protein units - 0.24 t/ha. The best effect on increasing productivity was provided by: July precipitation - 28.05 %, spring reserves of productive moisture in 0-30 cm soil layer -- 25.96 %; in 0-100 cm - 20.86 %, nitrate content - 71.80 %, phosphorus - 38.05 %, potassium - 33.07 %, microbial activity (cellulose decomposition) - 62.32 % (p 0.05) compared to the control. The highest organic matter content (17.6 %) and humus (3.5 %) in soil and neutral acidity (pH = 7.0) create favorable conditions for growing millet after durum wheat. As a result of research on other crops, it was found that these factors do not affect yield increase. Positive results of the influence of factors can be useful in increasing millet productivity.</p>Panicum miliaceum Lcrop rotationprecipitationproductive moisturenutrientsmicroorganismsorganic matterhumussoil acidityPanicum miliaceum Lсевооборотосадкипродуктивная влагапитательные веществамикроорганизмыорганическое веществогумускислотность почвы<p class="табл" lang="ru-RU" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Table 1</strong><br /><strong>Agrometeorological conditions during millet cultivation depending on the season (20022021)</strong></p>
<center>
<div class="preview fancybox" style="text-align: left;"><a title="table 1" href="/files/journals/1/articles/19863/supp/19863-22518-1-SP.png" rel="simplebox"><img style="max-height: 800px; max-width: 800px;" src="/files/journals/1/articles/19863/supp/19863-22518-1-SP.png" /></a><br /><span class="myItalicChars">Note: </span><span class="mySupChars _idGenCharOverride-1">*</span>Above the line is the average data according to the Orenburg Hydrometeorological Center, below the line is the average annual data; Selyaninov hydrothermal moisture coefficient (HTC) for months is 0.54 and for years is 0.50.</div>
</center>
<p class="табл" lang="ru-RU" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p><strong>Table 2</strong><br /><strong>Spring reserves of productive moisture and nutrients in the soil under millet crops depending on the variants (20022021)</strong></p>
<table style="height: 187px;" width="816">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Variant</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 287.367px; text-align: center;" colspan="2">
<p><strong>Productive moisture, mm</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 364.9px; text-align: center;" colspan="3">
<p><strong>Nutrients (030 cm), mg/100 g soil</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>030 cm</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>0100 cm</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>NO<sub>3</sub><sup></sup></strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub></strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>K<sub>2</sub>O</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>I</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>42.2</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>140.3</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>8.3</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>6.3</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>47.3</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>II</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>42.0</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>136.0</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>8.0</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>6.2</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>46.7</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>III</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>43.8</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>134.7</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>5.6</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>5.1</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>41.9</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>IV</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>42.7</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>131.2</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>6.0</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>6.0</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>45.2</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>V</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>32.7</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>112.6</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>3.9</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>2.4</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>16.8</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>VI</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>39.1</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>126.6</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>8.6</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>5.8</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>44.4</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>LSD</strong><sub>05</sub></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p>7.4</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 140.533px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>17.8</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p>3.4</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>2.7</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 117.433px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>21.2</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p></p>
<p><strong>Table 3</strong><br /><strong>Soil fertility under millet cropping in 030 cm layer of chernozem (20022021)</strong></p>
<table style="height: 190px;" width="635">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 155.317px;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Indicators of soil fertility</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 387.35px;" colspan="6">
<p><strong>Variant</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 69.1333px;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>LSD</strong><sub>05</sub></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>I</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>II</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>III</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>IV</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>V</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>VI</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 155.317px;">
<p><strong>Biological activity</strong><strong><sup>1</sup></strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>11.5</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>12.7</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>11.2</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p>11.0</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>13.7</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>9.9</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 69.1333px;">
<p>2.4</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 155.317px;">
<p><strong>Organic matter</strong><strong><sup>2</sup></strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>15.5</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p>16.4</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p>14.1</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>13.2</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>17.6</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>11.5</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 69.1333px;">
<p>4.0</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 155.317px;">
<p><strong>Humus</strong><strong><sup>3</sup></strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>2.8</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p>3.0</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>2.7</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>2.5</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>3.5</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p>1.0</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 69.1333px;">
<p><strong>1.5</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 155.317px;">
<p><strong>Acidity</strong><sup>4</sup></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>7.6</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>7.5</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p><strong>7.7</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p><strong>7.8</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3167px;">
<p>7.0</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 59.3px;">
<p>8.0</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center; width: 69.1333px;">
<p>0.6</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><em>Note: </em><sup>1</sup>Cellulolytic activity of microorganisms in the soil, %; <sup>2</sup>Organic matter consists of crop, root residues and straw, %; <sup>3</sup>Humus content in southern chernozem, %;<sup>4</sup> Soil acidity is expressed by pH soil solution.</p>
<p></p>
<p><strong>Table 4 </strong><br /><strong>Productivity of millet in crop rotation and continuous cropping, t/ha (20022021)</strong></p>
<table style="height: 193px;" width="709">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 144.1px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Parameter</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;" colspan="6">
<p><strong>Output from 1 ha in Variant</strong><strong>s, t</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 81.75px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>LSD</strong><sub>05</sub></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>I</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>II</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>III</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>IV</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 72.1667px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>V</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>VI</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 144.1px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Grains</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.76</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.80</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.69</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.66</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 72.1667px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>1.21</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.52</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 81.75px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.43</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 144.1px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Feed units</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.74</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.78</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.68</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.65</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 72.1667px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>1.18</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.51</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 81.75px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.41</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 144.1px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Energy units</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.44</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.46</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.40</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.38</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 72.1667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.70</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.30</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 81.75px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.25</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 144.1px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Forage protein units</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.41</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.43</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.37</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.2667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.36</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 72.1667px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.65</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 71.25px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.28</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 81.75px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.23</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p></p>
<center>
<div class="preview fancybox" style="text-align: center;"><a title="Воздействие содержания органического вещества и активности микроорганизмов в почве на урожайность зерна проса в севообороте и бессменном посеве после внесения аммофоса (20022021 гг.)" href="/files/journals/1/articles/19863/supp/19863-22516-1-SP.png" rel="simplebox"><img style="max-height: 800px; max-width: 800px;" src="/files/journals/1/articles/19863/supp/19863-22516-1-SP.png" width="621" height="340" /></a><br /><strong>Effect of organic matter content and microbial activity in soil on yield of millet grain in crop rotation and permanent sowing after application of ammophos (20022021)</strong></div>
</center>
<p></p>
<p><strong>Table 5</strong><br /><strong>Influence of the main factors on increasing millet productivity under two-field crop rotation with durum wheat (20022021)</strong></p>
<table style="height: 441px;" width="769">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 268.383px; text-align: center;" colspan="2" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Factors</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 483.717px; text-align: center;" colspan="4">
<p><strong>Millet productivity</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Grain</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Feed units</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Energy units</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p><strong>Forage protein units</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 135.867px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Rain gauge precipitation</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>in July</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>27.91/0.27<sup>*</sup></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>27.93/0.27</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>27.96/0.27</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>28.05/0.28</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.01<sup>**</sup></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.01</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.01</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.01</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 135.867px; text-align: center;" rowspan="4">
<p><strong>Productive moisture in spring</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>in 030 cm</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>25.96/0.25</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>25.91/0.25</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>25.79/0.25</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>25.80/0.25</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.02</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.02</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.02</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.02</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>in 0100 cm</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>20.86/0.20</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>20.83/0.20</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>20.71/0.20</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>20.73/0.20</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.04</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.04</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.04</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.04</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 135.867px; text-align: center;" rowspan="6">
<p><strong>Nutrients after sowing</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>Nitrates</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>71.80/0.71</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>71.78/0.71</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>71.55/0.71</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>71.75/0.71</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>Phosphorus</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>38.05/0.38</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>37.95/0.37</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>37.84/0.37</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>37.78/0.37</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>Potassium</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>33.07/0.33</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>33.01/0.33</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>32.79/0.32</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>32.93/0.32</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 135.867px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Biological</strong></p>
</td>
<td style="width: 126.217px; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">
<p>in 020 cm</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>62.13/0.62</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>62.03/0.62</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>61.93/0.61</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>62.32/0.62</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 124.633px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.35px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.467px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 113.367px; text-align: center;">
<p>0.00</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><em>Note:</em><sup>* </sup>Before the line share of the factors influence, %; after the line coefficient of determination;<sup>** </sup>The criterion of significance level of multiple regression (p 0.05).</p>[Yaroshenko TM, Zhuravlev DY, Klimova NF. Influence of long-term use of various doses of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of grain-fallow crop rotation in the arid steppe of the Volga region. The Agrarian scientific journal. 2021;(8):49–56. (In Russ.). doi: 10.28983/asj.y2021i8pp49-56][Yaroshenko TM., Zhuravlev DY, Klimova NF. Productivity of crops of grain-crop rotation during the long-term use of mineral fertilizers on the south chernozem of the Saratov Right Bank. Agrarian Reporter of South-East. 2020;(1):22–25. (In Russ.).][Chub MP, Pronko VV, Yaroshenko TM, Klimova NF, Zhuravlev DY. Nutrient status of southern chernozem and productivity of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in a long-term stationary experiment with fertilizers. Agrochemistry and ecology problems. 2019;(1):3–9. (In Russ.). doi: 10.26178/AE.2019.67.47.001][Skorokhodov VY, Zorov AA, Zenkova NA. Yields of short systems of crop rotation with true millet on southern black soils of Orenburg Preduralye. Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2019;(5):82–86. (In Russ.).][Skorokhodov VY. Influence of weather factors of vegetation and the background of nutrition on the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil under crops on chernozems of Orenburg Сis-urals. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2018;101(2):176–185. (In Russ.).][Skorokhodov VY, Kaftan YV. Productivity of crop rotations with winter crops and their economic efficiency in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals. Herald of beef cattle breeding. 2017;(4):248–255. (In Russ.).][Zhizhin VN, Skorokhodov VY, Mitrofanov DV, Kaftan YV. Influence of weather factors on millet yield during cultivation in crop rotations and permanent sowing on chernozems of the southern Orenburg region. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2018;101(4):217–225. (In Russ.).][Antimonova ON, Syrkina LF. The formation of crop yield of millet varieties depending on hydrothermal conditions. Bulletin of KSAU. 2020;(10):74–82. (In Russ.). doi: 10.36718/1819-4036-2020-10-74-82][Surkov AY, Surkova IV. Influence of millet morphotype on the relationship between traits. Legumes and groat crops. 2020;(2):71–77. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24411/2309-348X-2020-11172][Surkov AY, Surkova IV. Millet productivity and its elements depending on hydrothermal conditions. Vestnik of Kursk state agricultural academy. 2018;(5):18–23. (In Russ.).][Neverov AA. The role of weather and climatic factors of the eastern zone of Orenburg region in the formation of millet harvest. Byulleten’ Orenburgskogo nauchnogo tsentra URO RAN. 2017;(3):7–17. (In Russ.).][Neverov AA. Computer simulation of when the harvest of millet weather-climatic conditions of western zone of the Orenburg region. Byulleten’ Orenburgskogo nauchnogo tsentra URO RAN. 2017;(1):9–19. (In Russ.).][Azizov ZM, Arkhipov VV, Imashev IG. Productivity of millet, spring soft wheat and durum wheat in the conditions of arid Volga region. Agrarian Reporter of South-East. 2020;(1):11–13. (In Russ.).][Kryuchkov AG, Eliseev VI. Moisture resources and millet yields on black steppe soils of the Orenburg Preduralye. Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2009;(4):18–21. (In Russ.).][Ryakhovsky AV, Varavva VN. Effect of biological characteristics of buck-wheat and millet agrophytocoenoses on their productivity and groats quality. Izvestiya Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2007;(3):77–80. (In Russ.).][Zhizhin VN, Skorokhodov VY, Kaftan YV, Mitrofanov DV. Biological activity of soil under millet sowing depending on previous links of crop rotations on chernozems of the southern Orenburg Urals. Herald of beef cattle breeding. 2013;(2):124–126. (In Russ.).]