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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Агрономия и животноводство</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-797X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-7988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">19864</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-797X-2023-18-1-45-58</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OYQWDQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Agricultural technologies and land reclamation</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Агротехнологии и мелиорация земель</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Water-physical properties of chestnut soils depending on different tillage practices and irrigation regimes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Водно-физические свойства каштановых почв при разных способах мелиоративной обработки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9059-9023</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubenok</surname><given-names>Nikolay N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубенок</surname><given-names>Николай Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Academician of RAS, Head of the Department of Agricultural Land Reclamation, Forestry and Land Management</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой сельскохозяйственных мелиораций, лесоводства и землеустройства</p></bio><email>ndubenok@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-4786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>Andrey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Андрей Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, директор</p></bio><email>ae_novikov@vniioz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9796-2924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poddubsky</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поддубский</surname><given-names>Антон Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Director, Agroengineering Department, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, директор агроинженерного департамента Агротехнологического института</p></bio><email>poddubskiy-aa@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-8438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chamurliev</surname><given-names>Georgiy O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чамурлиев</surname><given-names>Георгий Омариевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, associate Professor, Agroengineering Department, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры сельскохозяйственных мелиораций, лесоводства и землеустройства</p></bio><email>chamurliev-go@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3002-5420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumakova</surname><given-names>Ksenia B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумакова</surname><given-names>Ксения Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Land Reclamation, Forestry and Land Management</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры сельскохозяйственных мелиораций, лесоводства и землеустройства</p></bio><email>kshumakova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-547X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zbukarev</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Збукарев</surname><given-names>Роман Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь</p></bio><email>zbukarevr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">РГАУ - МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский НИИ орошаемого земледелия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 18, NO1 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 18, №1 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-06"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Dubenok N.N., Novikov A.E., Poddubsky A.A., Chamurliev G.O., Shumakova K.B., Zbukarev R.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Дубенок Н.Н., Новиков А.Е., Поддубский А.А., Чамурлиев Г.О., Шумакова К.Б., Збукарев Р.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dubenok N.N., Novikov A.E., Poddubsky A.A., Chamurliev G.O., Shumakova K.B., Zbukarev R.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дубенок Н.Н., Новиков А.Е., Поддубский А.А., Чамурлиев Г.О., Шумакова К.Б., Збукарев Р.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19864">https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19864</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">The aim of the research was to study water-physical properties of chestnut soils under different tillage practices when cultivating corn (Povolzhsky 89 MV hybrid) under irrigated conditions in the Lower Volga region. Therefore, the following characteristics of the soil were studied - soil density, soil moisture, field capacity, maximal hygroscopic moisture, wilting point and porosity. The results revealed that after chisel loosening, a qualitative improvement of soil water-physical properties was observed in comparison with the control variant - moldboard plowing. To describe the dynamics of changes in soil density by layers and tillage variants, a regression of the 2nd order was proposed, and coefficients of the equation were calculated. In order to maintain the specified irrigation regime during the observation periods, 7 to 9 vegetative irrigations with application rate from 2250 to 2750 m3·ha-1 were carried out in the variants with moldboard plowing, 7 to 8 irrigations with application rate from 2200 to 2600 m3·ha-1 in the variants with chisel loosening, and 6 to 7 irrigations with application rates from 2100 to 2500 m3·ha-1 in the variants with chisel moldboard plowing. The yield of corn in the variant with chisel moldboard plowing averaged 8.75 t·ha-1 during the research period, which is 18 % higher than in the control variant. Moreover, the cost of irrigation water for producing one ton of grain decreased by almost 20 %, and the coefficient of water consumption decreased by 17 %.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Исследовано изменение водно-физических свойств каштановых почв под влиянием разных способов их мелиоративной обработки при возделывании кукурузы (гибрид Поволжский 89 МВ) в условиях орошаемого земледелия Нижнего Поволжья. Изучены характеристики почвы: плотность, влажность, наименьшая влагоемкость, максимальная гигроскопичность, влажность завядания растений, порозность и пористость аэрации. Установлено, что после мелиоративного чизельного отвального рыхления почвы наблюдается качественное улучшение ее водно-физических свойств в сравнении с контрольным вариантом - лемешной отвальной вспашкой. Для математического описания динамики изменения плотности почвы по слоям по вариантам ее обработки предложена регрессия 2-го порядка, вычислены коэффициенты уравнения. Для поддержания заданного режима орошения по периодам наблюдений в варианте с лемешной отвальной вспашкой почвы было проведено от 7 до 9 вегетационных поливов оросительной нормой от 2250 до 2750 м3/га, в вариантах с мелиоративным чизельным безотвальным рыхлением почвы - 7…8 поливов нормой 2200…2600 м3/га, чизельным отвальным рыхлением - 6…7 поливов нормой 2100…2500 м3/га. Урожайность кукурузы в варианте с чизельным отвальным рыхлением почвы в среднем за период исследования составила 8,75 т/га, что выше контрольного варианта на 18 %, при этом затраты оросительной воды на производство тонны зерна снизились почти на 20, а коэффициент водопотребления - на 17 %.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>water- physical properties of soil</kwd><kwd>soil plowing</kwd><kwd>soil loosening</kwd><kwd>irrigation</kwd><kwd>sprinkling</kwd><kwd>corn</kwd><kwd>grain</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd><kwd>Lower Volga region</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>водно-физические свойства почвы</kwd><kwd>вспашка почвы</kwd><kwd>мелиоративное рыхление почвы</kwd><kwd>орошение</kwd><kwd>дождевание</kwd><kwd>кукуруза</kwd><kwd>зерно</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>Нижнее Поволжье</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Nath AJ, Lal R. 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