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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Агрономия и животноводство</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2312-797X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2312-7988</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20037</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22363/2312-797X-2024-19-2-358-369</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GHBNXR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Veterinary science</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ветеринария</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Sensitivity of the initiators of acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia in calves to antibiotics and phytobiotics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Чувствительность к антибиотикам и фитобиотикам инициаторов острой катаральной бронхопневмонии у телят</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-2594</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8032-5437</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>Natalya Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Наталья Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>rodionova-nyu@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0418-9918</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4883-1758</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>Pavel A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>Павел Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор ветеринарных наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>pavelrudenko76@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-1573</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5511-3661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnikova</surname><given-names>Elena D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотникова</surname><given-names>Елена Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>sotnikova-ed@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-3849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prozorovskiy</surname><given-names>Ivan E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прозоровский</surname><given-names>Иван Ежиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>prozorovskiy-ie@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3823-3737</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2550-4781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shopinskaya</surname><given-names>Marina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шопинская</surname><given-names>Марина Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>mishopinskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-6091</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8847-7220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротова</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>krotova-ea@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1610-1637</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2152-5318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Valentina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнова</surname><given-names>Валентина Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Agrarian and Technological Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины аграрно-технологического института</p></bio><email>semenova-vi@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-08-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 19, NO2 (2024)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 19, №2 (2024)</issue-title><fpage>358</fpage><lpage>369</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-09-06"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Rodionova N.Y., Rudenko P.A., Sotnikova E.D., Prozorovskiy I.E., Shopinskaya M.I., Krotova E.A., Semenova V.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Родионова Н.Ю., Руденко П.А., Сотникова Е.Д., Прозоровский И.Е., Шопинская М.И., Кротова Е.А., Семёнова В.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rodionova N.Y., Rudenko P.A., Sotnikova E.D., Prozorovskiy I.E., Shopinskaya M.I., Krotova E.A., Semenova V.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Родионова Н.Ю., Руденко П.А., Сотникова Е.Д., Прозоровский И.Е., Шопинская М.И., Кротова Е.А., Семёнова В.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/20037">https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/20037</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p style="text-align: justify;">Antimicrobial activity of antibacterial agents (benzylpenicillin, methicillin, amoxicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefquinome, cefepime, gentamicin, tylosin, lincomycin, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin) and herbal medicines (extracts of <italic>Eleutherococcus</italic>, <italic>Echinacea purpurea</italic> and <italic>Hypericum perforatum</italic>) was studied. The purpose of the research was to determine sensitivity to antibiotics and phytobiotics in microorganisms isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from calves with acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia. Calves with acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia (<italic>n</italic> = 37) aged 1–3 months were studied in the research. Bronchoalveolar lavage was collected into sterile test tubes from sick calves using silicone sterile catheter. Bacteriological studies were carried out in LLC “Vettest”, using generally accepted methods. Determining the sensitivity of isolated opportunistic microorganisms to antibacterial drugs showed that the vast majority of them have rather low efficiency. It was found that all 115 isolated microorganisms were sensitive only to three antibacterial drugs: fourth-­generation cephalosporin antibiotics — cefquinome and cephepime, and third-­generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic — marbofloxacin. Of the phytobiotics studied, <italic>Hypericum perforatum</italic> extract had the most pronounced antimicrobial properties against the main initiators of acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia in the calves. Moreover, it showeda more powerful antimicrobial effect against gram-positive bacteria. This makes it possible to use it widely in complex therapy in calves.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p style="text-align: justify;">Приведены результаты изучения антимикробной активности антибиотиков (бензилпенициллин, метициллин, амоксициллин, цефазолин, цефтриаксон, цефкином, цефепим, гентамицин, тилозин, линкомицин, энрофлоксацин, марбофлоксацин) и фитобиотиков (экстракт элеутерококка, экстракт эхинацеи пурпурной, экстракт зверобоя продырявленного), широко используемых в ветеринарии, в отношении микроорганизмов, изолированных от телят при острой катаральной бронхопневмонии. Материалом для исследования служили телята в возрасте 1–3 месяца, больные острой катаральной бронхопневмонией (<italic>n</italic> = 37). От больных телят отбирали бронхоальвеолярный лаваж с помощью силиконовых стерильных катетеров в стерильные пробирки. Бактериологические исследования проводили на базе ООО «Веттест» общепринятыми методами. Определение чувствительности изолированных условно-­патогенных микроорганизмов к антибактериальным препаратам показало, что подавляющее их большинство имеет достаточно низкую эффективность. Установлено, что все 115 изолированных микроорганизмов оказались чувствительны лишь к трем антибактериальным препаратам: цефалоспориновым антибиотикам IV поколения — цефкиному и цефепиму, а также к фторхинолоновому антибиотику III поколения — марбофлоксацину. Из исследованных фитобиотиков наиболее выраженными антимикробными свой­ствами по отношению к основным инициаторам острой катаральной бронхопневмонии у телят обладает зверобой продырявленный. При этом, он показал более мощное противомикробное действие по отношению к представителям грамположительных бактерий. Это дает возможность его широкого использования при проведении комплексной терапии у данного вида животных.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lungs</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>bronchoalveolar lavage</kwd><kwd>microflora</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>antibacterial activity</kwd><kwd>Hypericum perforatum</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>легкие</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>бронхоальвеолярный лаваж</kwd><kwd>микрофлора</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная активность</kwd><kwd>зверобой продырявленный</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24–26–00091, https://rscf.ru/project/24–26–00091/</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The study was performed under the grant of the Russian Scientific Fund No. 24–26–00091, https://rscf.ru/project/24–26–00091/</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Berman J, Masseau I, Fecteau G, Buczinski S, Francoz D. 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