RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesRUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal IndustriesВестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Агрономия и животноводство2312-797X2312-7988Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba2017410.22363/2312-797X-2025-20-1-139-150IRVQJQGenetics and selection of animalsГенетика и селекция животныхResearch ArticlePhysiological features of the antioxidant system of the Equus caballus organism of different genotypesФизиологические особенности антиоксидантной системы организма Equus caballus разных генотиповhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-4310-7718AmulunguPetrus K.АмулунгуПетрус Калите

student, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute

студент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института

1032205140@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7721-57424852-0353TkachevAleksandr V.ТкачевАлександр Владимирович

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Senior researcher, lecturer, International Veterinary Academy; Associate Professor; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian and Technological Institute, RUDN University

доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, Автономная некоммерческая образовательная организация высшего образования Международная ветеринарная академия; доцент департамента ветеринарной медицины Аграрно-технологического института, Российский университет дружбы народов

sasha_sashaola@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5573-61177638-9512TkachevaOlga L.ТкачеваОльга Леонидовна

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, lecturer, Technological College, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, преподаватель Технологического колледжа, Российский государственный аграрный университет - МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева

tkacheva.olga2017@gmail.comRUDN UniversityРоссийский университет дружбы народовInternational Veterinary AcademyМеждународная ветеринарная академияRussian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyРоссийский государственный аграрный университет - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева28062025201Therapeutic case of animal welfareТерапевтический кейс благополучия животных13915002072025Copyright ©; 2025, Amulungu P.K., Tkachev A.V., Tkacheva O.L.Copyright ©; 2025, Амулунгу П.К., Ткачев А.В., Ткачева О.Л.2025Amulungu P.K., Tkachev A.V., Tkacheva O.L.Амулунгу П.К., Ткачев А.В., Ткачева О.Л.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/20174

In modern physiology, the features of the functional state of the body are increasingly being studied not in terms of breeds, age, and animal husbandry technologies, but in terms of DNA markers. Therefore, in this aspect, it is interesting to compare the functional state of the antioxidant system of the Equus caballus organism depending on the breed and DNA markers. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the functional state of the antioxidant system of Equus caballus horses of different breeds and with different genotypes according to the GRM8 gene. The study of the physiological characteristics of the antioxidant system of the body of Equus caballus of Russian breeding was carried out from 2005 to 2023. The study involved 70 breeding stallions belonging to 9 breeds. The best superoxide dismutase activity was detected in the blood of stallions with the CC/AA genotype according to SNPrs395286150/394524550: 11.4 and 2.3% more ( p < 0.05) than in carriers of the CT/AG and TT/GG genotypes, respectively. Catalase (CAT) activity was at a comparable level but with significant differences. We observed the highest CAT activity in the blood of stallions with the CC/AA genotype according to SNPrs395286150/394524550, which is 1.8% more in carriers of the CT/AG genotype and 7.9% ( p < 0.05) more in carriers of the TT/GG genotype. Against this background, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was the highest in the blood of stallions carrying the CT/AG genotype according to SNPrs395286150/394524550, which is 9.8% more ( p < 0.05) in stallions of the CC/AA genotype and 14.8% more ( p < 0.01) in stallions of the TT/GG genotype. The amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) was highest in carriers of the GG genotype according to SNPrs1147388106, which is 13.4% more ( p < 0.01) in carriers of the GA genotype and 2.6% more in carriers of the AA genotype according to SNPrs1147388106. The study of the functional state of the antioxidant system of the horse body, depending on the breed, also shows the presence of significant differences between breeds of different uses.

В современной физиологии особенности функционального состояния организма все чаще изучают не в разрезе пород, возраста, технологий содержания животных, а ДНК-маркеров. Цель исследования - сравнительный анализ функционального состояния антиоксидантной системы организма лошадей Equus caballus разных пород и с различными генотипами по гену GRM8. Исследование физиологических особенностей антиоксидантной системы организма Equus caballus российской селекции проводилось с 2005 по 2023 г. В исследовании приняли участие 70 племенных жеребцов, принадлежащих к 9 породам. Наилучшая активность супероксиддисмутазы выявлена в крови жеребцов с генотипом СС/АА по SNPrs395286150/394524550: на 11,4 и 2,3 % больше ( р < 0,05), чем у носителей генотипов CT/AG и TT/GG соответственно. Активность каталазы (КАТ) была на сопоставимом уровне, но со значительными различиями. Наибольшую активность КАТ мы наблюдали в крови жеребцов с генотипом СС/АА по SNPrs395286150/394524550, что на 1,8 и 7,9 % ( р < 0,05) выше, чем у носителей генотипов CT/AG и TT/GG. На этом фоне активность глутатионпероксидазы была самой высокой в сперме жеребцов, несущих генотип CT/AG согласно SNPrs395286150/394524550, что на 9,8 ( р < 0,05) и 14,8 ( р < 0,01) % больше, чем соответственно у жеребцов генотипов CC/AA и TT/GG. Количество малонового диальдегида (MDA) было самым высоким у носителей генотипа GG согласно SNPrs1147388106, что на 13,4 ( р < 0,01) 2,6 % больше, чем у носителей генотипов GA AA соответственно согласно SNPrs1147388106. Изучение функционального состояния антиоксидантной системы организма лошади в зависимости от породы также показывает наличие существенных различий между породами различного назначения.

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