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Anthropogenic impact on stability of forest crops development of silver birch Betula pendula Roth in the green zone of Astana
- Authors: Kabanova S.A.1, Kochegarov I.S.1, Kabanov A.N.1,2, Danchenko M.A.2, Shakhmatov P.F.1, Bortsov V.A.1, Scott S.A.2,3
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Affiliations:
- A.N. Bukeikhan Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry
- National Research Tomsk State University
- Columbus State Community College
- Issue: Vol 19, No 1 (2024): Factors of sustainable animal productivity: from genomics to therapy
- Pages: 155-164
- Section: Protective afforestation
- URL: https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19998
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2024-19-1-155-164
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/AKFGIB
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Abstract
Recreational load affects the quality of the environment, which is confirmed by the change of fluctuating asymmetry of silver birch leaves. The deviation level of the environmental quality is minimal when the quality is normal. However, when the environmental quality level is declining it leads to decrease in stability and state of biome, which is observed by the sign of the magnitude of changes as the integral indicator of developmental stability. The purpose of the research was to study fluctuating asymmetry of leaves of silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth) in the green zone of Astana. The objects of research were 19-year-old artificial plantings of silver birch, some of which underwent intercropping practice simultaneously on the same field 7 years after planting. The planting site was conventionally divided into high and low latitudes due to the vertical elevation change in a landscape. All the studied forest plantings to some degree exhibited a weakening state. The condition of the trees is gradually declining, which constitutes 66.9…71.2 points on replanted plots and 72.3…72.4 points - on non-replanted trial plots in 2022. Prior to the creation of a recreational zone in transplanted crops at a high latitude, an initial stage of deviation from the conventional norm was observed. After the forest crop improvements were implemented, fluctuating leaf asymmetry indicator reached its highest magnitude in 2022 in all the studied crops, except for transplanted crops at a low latitude, which had a 3rd-4th score for all the years of observation. So far, in these forest plantings, the quality of the environment has not reached a critical level, but they also display a strong anthropogenic impact, because of compression of topsoil due to the settling of unorganized paths. Therefore, it is necessary to take silvicultural and other measures to increase sustainability and improve condition and state of artificial forest plantings. It is imperative to carry out plants trimming and utilize soil amendments, organize a regulated road and footpath network, and strengthen control over travelers.
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Table 1. Scale of assessment of deviations of the state of the organism from the conditional norm by the value of the integral indicator of development stability for Betula pendula
Score | Environmental quality | Indicator of development stability | |
Naumova et al. [19] | Dymshakov et al. [20] | ||
I | Conditionally normal | < 0.040 | < 0.055 |
II | Initial (minor) deviations from the norm | 0.040…0.044 | 0.056…0.060 |
III | Average level of deviations from the norm | 0.045…0.049 | 0.061…0.065 |
IV | Significant deviations from the norm | 0.050…0.054 | 0.065…0.070 |
V | Critical condition | > 0.054 | > 0.070 |
Table 2. Assessment of the vital state of Betula pendula forest crops
Type of forest crops | Tree elevation | Year of observations | ||||
2010 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | ||
Not transplanted | High | 82.3 | 72.8 | 72.5 | 72.4 | 72.4 |
Low | 85.1 | 73.0 | 72.8 | 72.4 | 72.3 | |
Transplanted | High | 42.3 | 69.4 | 68.5 | 67.4 | 66.9 |
Low | 56.4 | 73.9 | 72.7 | 72.7 | 71.2 | |
Table 3. Integral indicator of development stability in Betula pendula forest crops
Type of forest crops | Tree elevation | Integral indicator of developmental stability by years | |||||||
Degree of asymmetry | Asymmetry index | ||||||||
2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | ||
Not transplanted | High | 0.0477 | 0.0508 | 0.0695 | 0.101 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
Low | 0.0509 | 0.0524 | 0.0579 | 0.068 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | |
Transplanted | High | 0.0440 | 0.0508 | 0.0516 | 0.082 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
Low | 0.0469 | 0.0512 | 0.0468 | 0.053 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | |
About the authors
Svetlana A. Kabanova
A.N. Bukeikhan Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry
Author for correspondence.
Email: kabanova.05@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3117-7381
SPIN-code: 3897-4757
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate professor, Head of the Department of Reforestation and Afforestation
58 Kirova st., Shchuchinsk, 021700, Republic of KazakhstanIgor S. Kochegarov
A.N. Bukeikhan Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry
Email: garik_0188@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1185-5218
SPIN-code: 8313-4687
Junior researcher
58 Kirova st., Shchuchinsk, 021700, Republic of KazakhstanAndrey N. Kabanov
A.N. Bukeikhan Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry; National Research Tomsk State University
Email: 7058613132@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5479-3689
SPIN-code: 9628-4453
Senior researcher, PhD student
58 Kirova st., Shchuchinsk, 021700, Republic of Kazakhstan; 36 Lenina ave., Tomsk, 634050, Russian FederationMatvey A. Danchenko
National Research Tomsk State University
Email: mtd2005@sibmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5974-9556
SPIN-code: 8209-8687
Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Associate professor
36 Lenina ave., Tomsk, 634050, Russian FederationPavel F. Shakhmatov
A.N. Bukeikhan Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry
Email: cektop-aral@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 5473-5866
Junior researcher 58 Kirova st., Shchuchinsk, 021700, Republic of Kazakhstan
Valery A. Bortsov
A.N. Bukeikhan Kazakh Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry
Email: bortsov_1969@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 5324-2516
Junior researcher 58 Kirova st., Shchuchinsk, 021700, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sabina A. Scott
National Research Tomsk State University; Columbus State Community College
Email: sscott73@cscc.edu
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2029-8938
SPIN-code: 8377-3899
PhD student, National Research Tomsk State University; Assistant Professor, Columbus State Community College
36 Lenina ave., Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation; 550 E Spring Street, Columbus, Ohio, USA, 43015References
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