Monitoring of the erythrocyte antigen structure in the gene pool herd of Red Gorbatov cattle

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Abstract

Immunogenetic analysis is of practical interest, allowing us to establish not only the relationship between animals, but also the degree of genetic influence of individual stud bulls on the entire gene pool of the population. While preserving the gene pool, the study of the frequency distribution of blood groups, as well as their changes over time, allow us to judge the processes occurring in closed populations. The research was carried out in the gene pool farm of the Red Gorbatov breed. The brood stock has 8 systems of blood groups. In 2007, 45 antigens were detected in the herd, in 2009 there was a decline in diversity to 38 antigens, but in 2010 their number was restored to 46, by 2017 the total number of antigens had not changed significantly — 47, and in 2022 again 46. The most numerous is EAB system, from 21 to 28 antigens were established in this system in different years. The structure of antigens is unstable, some antigens that were widespread in 2007 (Y2 and C2) decreased to 14…32 % in 2017. New antigens were established — O3, O4, Ox, and A’1. The loss of individual antigens may indirectly indicate the loss of other alleles that have economic importance; therefore, animals with rare antigens should be used in reproduction to a greater extent. The stud bulls whose seed stock is available at that moment have different antigenic composition: from 3 to 17 antigens in different systems. The use of a limited number of bulls can lead to the drift of individual genes.

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Fig. 1. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАA from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

 

Fig. 2. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАB from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

 

Fig. 3. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАC from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

Fig. 4. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАS from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

 

Fig. 5. Change of the antigen frequency in systems ЕАF-V, EAL, EAJ, ЕАZ, ЕАM from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

Frequency of erythrocyte antigens in stud bulls

 Группа крови /Blood type

 Антиген /Antigen

 Кличка и номер быка / Nickname and number of the bull

 Эдельвейс 9535/E’del’vejs 9535

 Иран 9525 /Iran 9525

 Задор 9099 /Zador 9099

 Ветер 9866 /Veter 9866

 Восток 9911 /Vostok 9911

 Резвый 6569 /Rezvy 6569

 Вальтер 6259 /Val’ter 6259

 Заказ 9736 /Zakaz 9736

 Ручеек 6039 /Rucheyok 6039

 Сказочник 9725/Skazochnik 9725

 ЕАA

 A1

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 A2

 

 1

 

 1

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 ЕАB

 B1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 В2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 1

 

 G2

 

 1

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 G3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 I2

 1

 1

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 O1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 Ox

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 P2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 1

 

 Q

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 Y1

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Y2

 

 

 1

 

 1

 1

 1

 

 1

 

 A2’

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 D’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 Е1’

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 E2’

 1

 

 1

 

 1

 1

 

 

 

 

 G’

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 1

 

 1

 

 I’

 

 1

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 K’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 O’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 J2’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 Р1’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 1

 

 

 P2’

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Q’

 1

 

 

 1

 1

 

 

 

 1

 

 Y’

 

 

 1

 

 1

 1

 

 

 

 

 G1’’

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ЕАC

 C1

 1

 1

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 C2

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 E

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 R1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 R2

 1

 1

 1

 

 1

 1

 

 

 1

 

 X1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 X2

 1

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 С’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 1

 1

 

 W’

 

 1

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ЕАF-V

 F

 1

 1

 1

 

 1

 1

 1

 1

 1

 1

 V

 

 1

 1

 

 1

 

 

 1

 

 

 ЕАJ

 J

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ЕАL

 L

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 ЕАS

 S1

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 S2

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 

 U’

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 

 

 

 1

 H’

 

 

 1

 

 1

 1

 1

 

 1

 

 ЕАZ

 Z

 

 

 

 

 1

 1

 

 

 

 1

 ЕАM

 M

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 1

Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

×

About the authors

Oksana V. Rudenko

Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University

Author for correspondence.
Email: imageoks-rud76@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8355-1048
SPIN-code: 8667-7242

Candidate of Аgricultural sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Particular zootechny and breeding of farm animals

97 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod, 603107, Russian Federation

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. Fig. 1. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАA from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

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2. Fig. 2. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАB from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

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3. Fig. 3. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАC from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

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4. Fig. 4. Change of the antigen frequency in system ЕАS from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

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5. Fig. 5. Change of the antigen frequency in systems ЕАF-V, EAL, EAJ, ЕАZ, ЕАM from 2007 to 2022, % of the studied livestock
Source: compiled by O.V. Rudenko.

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Copyright (c) 2025 Rudenko O.V.

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