Email this article 
Influence of bee products on intestinal microbiota formation in healthy birds and birds with candidiasis
- Authors: Shaykhulov P.R.1, Mannapova R.T.1, Svistunov D.V.1
-
Affiliations:
- Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
- Issue: Vol 19, No 1 (2024): Factors of sustainable animal productivity: from genomics to therapy
- Pages: 176-191
- Section: Veterinary science
- URL: https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/20000
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2024-19-1-176-191
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ARVFBX
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Candidamycosis causes significant damage to the poultry industry. Mortality rate in young birds reaches 95…100 %. The aim of the study was to optimize formation and intestinal colonization resistance under the influence of biologically active bee products (BABP) and the features of recovery in birds infected with candidamycosis of digestive tract (CDT). Studies were carried out on Japanese meat 10-day-old to 90-day-old quails. All the studied beekeeping products — extracts of wax moth, drone homogenate and propolis — contribute to the stabilization of the hidden genetically laid down mechanisms of natural intestinal microbiocenosis in healthy quails bred in captivity, without causing damage to the body, restoring the balance of normoflora and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms to physiological values. However, a constant complex of stressors encountered during bird breeding, associated with the conditions of keeping, feeding, veterinary and zootechnical measures, lead to a significant activation of Candida albicans in large intestine, with the subsequent development of candidiasis of digestive tract, deep dysbacterioses, characterized by increased reproduction and increase in the content of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms: Candida albicans — by 8.34 times, Staphylococcus aureus — by 4.37 times, Pseudomonas spp. — by 3.29 times; inhibition of reproduction and decrease in the level of normoflora: Lactobacillus spp. — by 6.0 times, Bifidobacterium spp. — by 7.25 times. The use of extracts of wax moth, drone homogenate and propolis in candidamycosis-i nfected birds contributed to restoration of quail intestinal microbiocenosis, which was manifested by: a) decrease in the level of opportunistic pathogenic Candida albicans — by 3.3; 4.61 and 3.97 times; Staphylococcus aureus — by 4.0; 7.78 and 4.5 times; Pseudomonas spp. — by 3.05; 5.32 and 3.96 times; b) activation and increase of normoflora: Lactobacillus spp. — by 6.38; 10.0 and 8.84 times; Bifidobacterium spp. — by 5.36; 8.42 and 7.5 times.
Full Text
Table 1. Dynamics of Candida albicans in large intestine of healthy and CDT-infected quails under the influence of biologically active bee products, lg CFU/g
Length of experiment, days (age) | Statistic indicator | Groups: 1–5 — healthy, 5–8 — infected with CDT | |||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||
CH | EWМ | EDH | EP | CDT | CDT + EWМ | CDT + EDH | CDT + EP | ||
Background (10) | М | 3.42 | 3.18 | 2.74 | 2.98 | 6.42 | 5.18 | 3.24 | 4.26 |
±m | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.29 | 0.43 | |
Cv.% | 2.6 | 2.2 | 10.9 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 10.0 | |
10 (20) | М | 3.78 | 3.46 | 2.56 | 3.12 | 9.14 | 7.48 | 4.12 | 4.92 |
±m | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.46 | 0.49 | 0.33 | 0.34 | |
Cv.% | 2.6 | 2.8 | 11.3 | 7.3 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 8.0 | 6.9 | |
P |
| * | * | ** | ** | ** | *** | *** | |
20 (30) | М | 3.36 | 3.24 | 2.46 | 2.94 | 12.8 | 6.14 | 5.02 | 5.76 |
±m | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 1.89 | 0.64 | 0.49 | 0.38 | |
Cv.% | 0.9 | 1.5 | 9.7 | 4.1 | 14.7 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 6.6 | |
P |
| * | *** | ** | *** | ** | *** | *** | |
30 (40) | М | 3.52 | 3.00 | 2.20 | 3.19 | 16.2 | 9.22 | 6.34 | 7.10 |
±m | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.41 | 0.10 | 2.11 | 1.56 | 1.01 | 1.12 | |
Cv.% | 3.4 | 3.6 | 18.6 | 3.1 | 13.0 | 16.9 | 15.9 | 15.7 | |
P |
| ** | ** | * | *** | ** | *** | *** | |
60 (70) | М | 2.64 | 2.12 | 2.00 | 2.18 | 18.6 | 8.40 | 5.06 | 5.96 |
±m | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 1.32 | 1.45 | 0.79 | 0.89 | |
Cv.% | 0.7 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 0.9 | 7.0 | 17.2 | 15.6 | 14.9 | |
P |
| * | * | * | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
90 (100) | М | 2.42 | 2.02 | 1.76 | 1.90 | 20.20 | 6.12 | 4.38 | 5.08 |
±m | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 1.31 | 0.91 | 0.57 | 0.28 | |
Cv.% | 3.7 | 5.4 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 6.5 | 14.8 | 13.0 | 5.5 | |
P |
| * | ** | ** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
Note. * — Р ≥ 0.95; ** — Р ≥ 0.99; *** — Р ≥ 0.999; CH — control — healthy; CDT — candidiasis of the digestive tract; EWМ — extract of wax moth; EDH — extract of drone homogenate; EP — extract of propolis
Fig. 1. Dynamics of Lactobacillus spp. in large intestine of healthy (a) and CDT-infected (б) quails under the influence of BABP, lg CFU/g
Source: created by the authors
Table 2. Dynamics of Bifidobacterium spp. in large intestine of healthy and CDT-infected quails under the influence of biologically active bee products, lg CFU/g
Length of experiment, days (age) | Statistic indicator | Groups: 1–5 — healthy, 5–8 — infected with CDT | |||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||
CH | EWМ | EDH | EP | CDT | CDT + EWМ | CDT + EDH | CDT + EP | ||
Background (10) | М | 8.0 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 11.2 | 6.0 | 7.05 | 9.60 | 8.10 |
±m | 0.12 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 0.35 | 0.22 | 0.57 | 0.65 | |
Cv.% | 1.5 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 1.9 | 5.8 | 3.1 | 5.9 | 8.0 | |
10 (20) | М | 9.2 | 11.4 | 14.4 | 13.0 | 5.2 | 9.44 | 12.80 | 11.30 |
±m | 0.45 | 0.30 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.22 | 1.22 | 1.78 | 0.97 | |
Cv.% | 4.8 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 12.9 | 13.9 | 8.6 | |
P |
| *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | *** | |
| CH | EWМ | EDH | EP | CDT | CDT + EWМ | CDT + EDH | CDT + EP | |
20 (30) | М | 8.7 | 12.7 | 16.3 | 14.9 | 3.4 | 9.92 | 13.28 | 12.42 |
±m | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.12 | 0.86 | 0.77 | 1.21 | |
Cv.% | 5.2 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 8.6 | 5.8 | 9.7 | |
P |
| *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
30 (40) | М | 9.9 | 13.6 | 18.0 | 16.3 | 2.7 | 8.50 | 14.00 | 12.7 |
±m | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.73 | 0.45 | 0.30 | 0.76 | 1.86 | 1.09 | |
Cv.% | 6.5 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 11.1 | 8.9 | 13.3 | 8.6 | |
P |
| *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
60 (70) | М | 10.4 | 14.9 | 21.3 | 18.7 | 1.9 | 10.2 | 16.0 | 14.4 |
±m | 0.30 | 0.55 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.25 | 1.03 | 1.86 | 0.98 | |
Cv.% | 2.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 13.1 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 6.8 | |
P |
| *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
90 (100) | М | 11.6 | 16.4 | 20.8 | 18.9 | 1.6 | 7.26 | 13.3 | 10.9 |
±m | 0.40 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.83 | 0.20 | 0.67 | 0.97 | 0.84 | |
Cv.% | 3.5 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 12.5 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 7.7 | |
P |
| *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
Note. * — Р ≥ 0.95; ** — Р ≥ 0.99; *** — Р ≥ 0.999; CH — control — healthy; CDT — candidiasis of the digestive tract; EWМ — extract of wax moth; EDH — extract of drone homogenate; EP — extract of propolis.
Fig. 2. Dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus in large intestine of healthy (a) and CDT-infected (б) quails under the influence of BABP, lg CFU/g
Source: created by the authors
Fig. 3. Dynamics of Pseudomonas spp. in large intestine of healthy (a) and CDT-infected (б) quails under the influence of BABP, lg CFU/g
Source: created by the authors
About the authors
Pustem R. Shaykhulov
Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Email: provimirb@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-6085-0811
SPIN-code: 6001-3210
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Doctoral Student, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Aquaculture and Beekeeping
49 Timiryazevskaya st., Moscow, 127434, Russian FederationRamsiya T. Mannapova
Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Author for correspondence.
Email: ram.mannapova55@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9092-9862
SPIN-code: 8353-2001
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
49 Timiryazevskaya st., Moscow, 127434, Russian FederationDmitriy V. Svistunov
Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Email: svist.ru@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-4277-9709
SPIN-code: 4250-7506
PhD student, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Aquaculture and Beekeeping
49 Timiryazevskaya st., Moscow, 127434, Russian FederationReferences
- Yushkova LY, Balyberdin BN, Donchenko NA. Use of honey bee products, valuable medicinal properties of honey, wax, propolis, bee bread, royal jelly and bee venom. In: Priority and innovative technologies in animal husbandry — the basis for the modernization of the Russian agro-industrial complex: conference proceedings. Stavropol;2019. p.105–111. (In Russ.).
- Efanova NV, Osina LM, Batalova SV. The influence of drone homogenate on the elemental and metabolic status of dogs. Innovations and food safety. 2019;(2):58–63. (In Russ.). doi: 10.31677/2311‑0651‑2019‑24‑2‑58‑63
- Barabash LV, Kremeno SV, Smirnova IN, Antipova II, Abdulkina NG. Application of the wax moth (Galeria melonella) larvae extract for correction of the immune status of athletes during the recovery period. Sports medicine: research and practice. 2018;8(4):40–45. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17238/ISSN2223‑2524.2018.4.40
- Galieva ZA, Mironova IV, Zakharov SV, Khudaiberdiev AA, Magomedov MS. Effectiveness of the influence of drone homogenate on the live weight of Romanov young ram sheep. Sheep, goats, wool business. 2023;(2):51–54. (In Russ.). doi: 10.26897/2074‑0840‑2023‑2‑51‑54
- Demina LL, Gordina SN, Ustyuzhaninova LV. Biochemical composition of drone brood homogenate. In: Society. Science. Innovation: conference proceedings. Kirov; 2017. p.35–39. (In Russ.).
- Litvin FB, Bruk TM, Terekhov PA, Prokhoda IA, Nikityuk DB, Klochkova SV. Effect of biologically active additives based on the homogenate of drone larvae on microcirculation and metabolism in nordic skiers. Sports Medicine. 2018;8(3):88–95. (In Russ.) doi: 10.17238/ISSN2223‑2524.2018.3.88
- Muravyov DV, Kalachinskaya AM. Homogenate of drones influence on hematologic indices of laying hens blood. Agrarian Science. 2015;(8):23–25. (In Russ.).
- Chervyakov DE, Lutsuk SN, Erko KV. Drone homogenate to increase animal resistance. Beekeeping. 2019;(10):52–53. (In Russ.).
- Kolosova SF, Kitapbaeva AA, Kashkarova IV, Alipina KB. New aspects of the use of wax moth larvae in the creation of dietary supplements. Eurasian Union of Scientists. 2019;(8):11–14. (In Russ.).
- Ostanina ES, Lopatin SA, Varlamov VP. isolation of chitin and chitosan from great wax moth Galleria mellonella. Biotechnology in Russia. 2007;(3):38–45. (In Russ.).
- Mannapova RT, Shaikhulov RR. Reactions in the B-system of immunity and the productivity of geese under the influence of an enzyme with adaptogens against the background of candidamicosis. Veterinary medicine. 2023;(4):25–29. (In Russ.). doi: 10.30896/0042‑4846.2023.26.4.25‑29
- Mannapova RT, Shaikhulov RR, Svistunov DV. The reaction of the main digestive enzymes of the pancreas against the background of the development of candidiasis in birds. Vestnik of Omsk SAU. 2023;(3):112–119. (In Russ.).
- Panchenko AD, Bulkina NV. Modern representations of pathology and immunologic mechanisms of fungoid infection in the oral cavity. Fundamental research. 2012;(2–2):426–429. (In Russ.).
- Sachivkina NP, Lenchenko EM, Khaitovich AB. The intensity of biofilm formation by microscopic fungi of the genus Candida. Crimean Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2018;8(3):58–65. (In Russ.).
- Kochneva EV. Determination of pathogenicity factors of fungi Candida albicans and their role in development of infectious process. In: Current issues of modern medicine: conference proceedings. Ekaterinburg; 2014. p.110–113. (In Russ.).
- Kapustina OA, Kartashova OL. Pathogenic factors of Candida sp. and their regulation by essential oils. Bulletin of the Orenburg Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2013;(1):3–9. (In Russ.).
Supplementary files
