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Productivity of durum wheat cultivars depending on seeding rates in the Chuvash Republic
- Authors: Lozhkin A.G.1, Mardaryeva N.V.1, Mardaryev S.N.1
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Affiliations:
- Chuvash State Agrarian University
- Issue: Vol 16, No 4 (2021)
- Pages: 291-302
- Section: Crop production
- URL: https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19697
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2021-16-4-291-302
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Abstract
The results of two-year experimental data on the growth, development and productivity of spring durum wheat cultivars - Bezenchukskaya Niva and Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya - in the Chuvash Republic were considered. It was found that decrease in the seeding rate of germinating seeds (from 7 to 3 million per 1 ha) resulted in reducing of the growing period in the studied cultivars of spring durum wheat by 6-7 days. Seeding rate of 5 million seeds per 1 ha provided the maximum density of spike-bearing stems due to the best indicators of general and productive tillering. The formation of the largest main spike with a high grain content in Bezenchukskaya Niva cultivar was noted at the seeding rate from 3 to 5 million seeds per 1 ha. Increase in the seeding rate (> 5 million seeds) led to a decrease in the parameters of the main spike. Analysis of Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya yield structure did not reveal clear patterns in the change in length and grain size of the main spike resulted from the seeding rate. However, the highest 1000-seed weight (50.4 g) was obtained in the variant with a seeding rate of 6 million seeds pieces. Compared to the control, the maximum yield increase in cv. Bezenchukskaya Niva (1.2 t/ha) was obtained in the variant with a seeding rate of 5 million seeds per 1 ha. The highest yield of cv. Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya (3.23 t/ha) was obtained at a seeding rate of 6 million seeds per 1 ha.
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Table 1. Influence of seeding rates on the growing period of spring wheat, 2019—2020
Seeding rate, million seeds per ha | Cultivars | Growth stages of common wheat, days | ||||
Seedlings — Exit into the tube booting | Earing and flowering | Milk development | Dough development | Ripening | ||
3 | B. Niva | 34 | 56 | 72 | 90 | 102 |
B. Zolotistaya | 35 | 52 | 71 | 87 | 97 | |
4 | B. Niva | 33 | 54 | 71 | 86 | 100 |
B. Zolotistaya | 34 | 50 | 70 | 84 | 98 | |
5 | B. Niva | 35 | 58 | 76 | 94 | 105 |
B. Zolotistaya | 34 | 54 | 72 | 94 | 102 | |
6 | B. Niva | 36 | 58 | 74 | 95 | 107 |
B. Zolotistaya | 35 | 53 | 74 | 94 | 102 | |
7 (control) | B. Niva | 37 | 58 | 76 | 97 | 108 |
B. Zolotistaya | 36 | 57 | 74 | 96 | 104 | |
Table 2. Impact of seeding rates on biometric indicators of durum wheat, 2019—2020
Seeding rate, million seeds per ha | Cultivars | Number of productive stems, stems/m2 | Plant height, cm | Tilling capacity | |
Total | Productive | ||||
3 | B. Niva | 283 | 80.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
B. Zolotistaya | 288 | 72.4 | 1.1 | 1.0 | |
4 | B. Niva | 330 | 79.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
B. Zolotistaya | 313 | 79.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
5 | B. Niva | 377 | 81.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
B. Zolotistaya | 392 | 70.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
6 | B. Niva | 420 | 73.6 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
B. Zolotistaya | 449 | 69.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
7 | B. Niva | 450 | 70.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
B. Zolotistaya | 441 | 72.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
LSD05 factor A | 21.5 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
LSD05 factor В | 8.3 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Table 3. Elements of yield structure in durum wheat, 2019—2020
Seeding rate, million seeds per ha | Cultivars | Main spike | 1000-seed weight, g | Yield, t/ha | ||
Length, cm | Number of grains | Grain weight per spike, g | ||||
3 | B. Niva | 6.65 | 32.4 | 1.55 | 47.8 | 2.28 |
B. Zolotistaya | 5.32 | 24.1 | 1.03 | 42.7 | 1.96 | |
4 | B. Niva | 6.00 | 25.0 | 1.28 | 51.2 | 3.01 |
B. Zolotistaya | 5.60 | 24.0 | 1.10 | 45.8 | 2.44 | |
5 | B. Niva | 6.70 | 27.5 | 1.47 | 53.4 | 3.54 |
B. Zolotistaya | 5.31 | 21.6 | 1.09 | 46.3 | 3.01 | |
6 | B. Niva | 5.80 | 16.1 | 0.70 | 43.4 | 2.95 |
B. Zolotistaya | 5.30 | 22.0 | 1.12 | 50.4 | 3.23 | |
7 | B. Niva | 5.44 | 17.0 | 0.75 | 44.1 | 2.34 |
B. Zolotistaya | 5.40 | 24.2 | 1.09 | 43.2 | 2.80 | |
LSD05 factor A | 0.32 | 4.3 | 0.17 | 1.6 | 0.31 | |
LSD05 factor В | 0.21 | 3.7 | 0.08 | 2.1 | 0.24 | |
Durum wheat productivity
About the authors
Alexander G. Lozhkin
Chuvash State Agrarian University
Author for correspondence.
Email: lozhkin_tmvl@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1859-3794
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Plant Growing, Breeding and Seed Production
29 Karla Marksa st., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, 428003, Russian FederationNataliya V. Mardaryeva
Chuvash State Agrarian University
Email: volga480@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7863-7245
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Biotechnology and Processing of Agricultural Products
29 Karla Marksa st., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, 428003, Russian FederationSergey N. Mardaryev
Chuvash State Agrarian University
Email: s-mard@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5218-4927
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of Mechanization, Electrification and Automation of Agricultural Production
29 Karla Marksa st., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, 428003, Russian FederationReferences
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