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Assessment of introduction studies on far eastern Primula species in the polar-alpine botanical garden-institute
- Authors: Trostenyuk N.N.1, Sviatkovskaya E.A.1, Saltan N.V.1
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Affiliations:
- Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of N.A. Avrorin of the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Issue: Vol 17, No 2 (2022)
- Pages: 180-192
- Section: Landscaping of settlements
- URL: https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19764
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2022-17-2-180-192
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Abstract
Species of Primula genus are indispensable introducents for the Kola North, characterized by compact bushes, bright colors, tolerance to urban environments and predominantly early flowering. The Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute has been studying species of Primula genus since 1934. The results of introduction studies (from 1948 to present) of 6 Far Eastern species of Primula genus: P. borealis Duby, P. farinosa L., P. jesoana Miq., P. nutans Georgi, P. patens (Turcz.) E. Busch, P. saxatilis Kom. were analyzed in the article. The initial material was obtained by seed exchange with botanical gardens in Russia, the CIS and foreign countries. Phenological observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods, on the basis of which the phenological spectrum of seasonal development of plants were constructed, and survival points (SP) were assessed. The introduction coefficient (IC) was calculated, which reflected the introduction value of the considered group of plants. The method of ecological-geographical analysis was used to compile the introduction forecast. Among the studied species, Primula nutans (SP=11) obtained from the seeds of cultivated plants from Scandinavian countries and P. jesoana (SP=9) were most adapted to the conditions of the Kola Arctic. Two species ( P. borealis, P. patens (SP = 4)) were poorly adapted to the conditions of the region, P. farinosa (SP = 1.0) and P. saxatilis (SP = 1.5) were not tested enough due to a short study period. The study showed that plants living from the tundra to the steppe zone ( P. nutans - I C = 1.57) and, in some cases, plants of the taiga zone reaching the subalpine belt in the mountains ( Primula jesoana - I C= 1.28) were adapted to local conditions. The plants of the tundra zone and the alpine zone in the mountains ( P. borealis - IC = 0.57) were less adapted.
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Тable 1. Results of introduction analysis for Primula Far Eastern species
Species | Years of testing | Number of samples | Final growth stage | Survival points (SP) | |
tested | available in 2021 | ||||
Primulaborealis | 1959—1964 | 1 | — | Fl | 4.0 |
P.farinosa | 1964—1965, 2001—2002 | 3 | — | V | 1.0 |
Primulajesoana | 1957—1978 | 1 | — | Fr | 9.0 |
Primulanutans | 1948—1954, 1981—u.n. | 5 | 1 | Fr | 11.0 |
Primulapatens | 1962—1966 | 2 | — | Fl | 4.0 |
Primulasaxatilis | 1962—1964, 2011—2012 | 2 | — | V | 1.5 |
Note: V — vegetation; B — bud formation, Fl — flowering; GF — green fruits; Fr — fruiting; u. n. — until now; «—» — not available.
Phenological spectrum of seasonal development for Primula studied species
Table 2. Survival rate of different Primula ecological and geographical groups in the conditions of the Kola Peninsula
Ecological and geographical groups | Species | SP | IC |
A1 — species of tundra zone and alpine belt of mountains | Primulaborealis | 4.0 | 0.57 |
A4 — species found in the tundra to the steppe zone and in the alpine belt of mountains | P.nutans | 11.0 | 1.57 |
B9 — plants found in the taiga to the broad-leaved zone and in the subalpine belt of mountains | P.patens P.jesoana | 4.0 9.0 | 0.60 1.28 |
About the authors
Nadezhda N. Trostenyuk
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of N.A. Avrorin of the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: tnn_aprec@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6574-9624
Researcher, Laboratory of Plant Introduction and Acclimatization
18a Academgorodok, Apatity, Murmansk Region, 184209, Russian FederationEkaterina A. Sviatkovskaya
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of N.A. Avrorin of the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: sviatkovskaya@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4069-7020
Researcher, Laboratory of Decorative Floriculture and Landscaping
18a Academgorodok, Apatity, Murmansk Region, 184209, Russian FederationNatalia V. Saltan
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of N.A. Avrorin of the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: saltan.natalya@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5905-9774
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Decorative Floriculture and Landscaping
18a Academgorodok, Apatity, Murmansk Region, 184209, Russian FederationReferences
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