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Mycotoxicological monitoring of feed and its role in prevention of animal mycotoxicoses
- Authors: Dorozhkin V.I.1, Gerunov T.V.2, Simonova I.A.3, Gerunova L.K.2, Kryuchek Y.O.2, Tarasenko A.A.2, Chigrinski E.A.4
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Affiliations:
- Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology - Branch of Skryabin and Kovalenko Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine of RAS
- Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin
- Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory
- Omsk State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 17, No 4 (2022)
- Pages: 546-554
- Section: Veterinary science
- URL: https://agrojournal.rudn.ru/agronomy/article/view/19836
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2022-17-4-546-554
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Abstract
Mycotoxins can accumulate in raw materials of plant origin at different technological stages of its production. Most often, the producers of mycotoxins are fungi of the genera Aspergillus , Fusarium , Penicillium and some others. The clinical symptoms of mycotoxicoses vary significantly, and lethal outcomes are possible. For this reason, the mycotoxicological study of various types of feed under production conditions is an indispensable component of veterinary support of industrial animal husbandry. As part of this study, a retrospective analysis of the results of a mycotoxicological study of feed for different animal species was carried out in the Omsk region in 2017-2021. All feeds received by the Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory for 5 years for the determination of mycotoxins were examined for the presence of ochratoxin A, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, aflatoxin B 1, deoxynivalenol. It was established that almost 70 % of the studied samples contained mycotoxins, including their maximum allowable level was exceeded in 74 samples. Exceeding the permissible levels was noted for the content of T-2 toxin (34 samples), zearalenone (27 samples), ochratoxin A (6 samples), aflatoxin B 1 (4 samples) and deoxynivalenol (3 samples). The largest number of cases of contamination was recorded in the study of feed and feed mixtures. The greatest danger is the multiple contamination of feed with mycotoxins. This increases the risk of developing comorbid conditions and the spread of opportunistic infections.
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Table 1. Results of mycotoxicological study of feed (2017—2021)
Mycotoxin | The number of samples containing mycotoxins within the maximum allowable levels / the number of samples exceeding the maximum allowable levels | Content of mycotoxin in the sample, mg/kg | Maximum allowable levels, mg/ kg | |
Minimum | Maximum | |||
OTA | 320 / 6 | 0.0040 | 0.058 | 0.01 |
ZEA | 386 / 27 | < 0.02 | 0.86 | Pregnant sows are not allowed, fattening — 0.1; cows — 0.2 |
Т-2 | 451 / 34 | 0.020 | 0.46 | 0.1 |
AFВ1 | 445 / 4 | 0.002 | 0.053 | 0.05 |
DON | 358 / 3 | 0.02 | 1.08 | 1.0 |
Note. OTA — o chratoxin А; ZEA — zearalenone; Т-2 — Т-2 toxin; AFВ1 — aflatoxin B 1; DON — deoxynivalenol.
Table 2. Comparative analysis of contamination of different types of feed with mycotoxins (2017—2021)
Samples | Number of samples containing mycotoxins within the maximum allowable levels / exceeding the maximum allowable levels | ||||
Т-2 | ZEA | OTA | AFB 1 | DON | |
Compound feed, feed mixture | 217/9 | 174/15 | 138/0 | 210/2 | 181/1 |
Grain, grain mixture | 107/11 | 94/1 | 80/0 | 140/0 | 82/0 |
Other concentrated feed | 60/6 | 86/4 | 49/1 | 72/0 | 57/0 |
Other feed | 67/8 | 32/7 | 53/5 | 23/2 | 38/2 |
Total | 451/34 | 386/27 | 320/6 | 445/4 | 358/3 |
Note. OTA — o chratoxin А; ZEA — zearalenone; Т-2 — Т-2 toxin; AFВ1 — aflatoxin B 1; DON — deoxynivalenol.
About the authors
Vasily I. Dorozhkin
Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology - Branch of Skryabin and Kovalenko Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine of RAS
Email: vniivshe@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1188-4449
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Scientific Direction
5 Zvenigorodskoe highway, Moscow, 123022, Russian FederationTaras V. Gerunov
Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin
Author for correspondence.
Email: tv.gerunov@omgau.org
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5594-2666
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor, Department of Diagnostics, Internal Non-Contagious Diseases, Pharmacology, Surgery and Obstetrics
1 Institutskaya Square, Omsk, 644008, Russian FederationIrina A. Simonova
Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory
Email: omvetlabhim@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 6824-5093
Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Head of the Chemical-Toxicological Department
203A 10 years of October st., Omsk, 644031, Russian FederationLiudmila K. Gerunova
Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin
Email: lk.gerunova@omgau.org
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0835-9352
Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Department of Diagnostics, Internal Non-Contagious Diseases, Pharmacology, Surgery and Obstetrics
1 Institutskaya Square, Omsk, 644008, Russian FederationYana O. Kryuchek
Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin
Email: yao.kryuchek36.06.01@omgau.org
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0808-9911
post-graduate student
1 Institutskaya Square, Omsk, 644008, Russian FederationAnna A. Tarasenko
Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin
Email: aa.tarasenko@omgau.org
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7314-9998
Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Diagnostics, Internal Non-Contagious Diseases, Pharmacology, Surgery and Obstetrics
1 Institutskaya Square, Omsk, 644008, Russian FederationEugene A. Chigrinski
Omsk State Medical University
Email: chigrinski@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0844-4090
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry
12 Lenin st., Omsk, 644099, Russian FederationReferences
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