Using natural product to reduce stress effects of herbicides in the Amur region

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Abstract

The effect of herbicides (active ingredients — cycloxydim and bentazone) and a natural product (based on seaweed extract) on the biochemical composition of soybean seeds and the productivity of the plants were investigated. Seeds and plants of mid-season soybean cv. ‘Nevesta’ developed by Russian Research Institute of Soybean were studied. The experiments were conducted on the experimental field of Russian Research Institute of Soybean, Sadovoe village (Tambov District, Amur Region) in 2021–2023. The test plot was 11.25 m2, there were four replicates, the arrangement of samples was randomized. The treatment of soybean crops was carried out in the phase of first triple leaf with herbicides: Bison (a. i. — bentazone) at a dose of 1.5 L/ha and Stratos Ultra (a. i. — cycloxydim) at a dose of 1 L/ha; and BioAlgo bioproduct at a dose of 5 ml/ha. It was found that the combined use of BioAlgo and herbicides had a positive effect on formation of soybean plant productivity. The survival rate increased by 3 % in the variant where vegetative plants were treated with herbicides and bioproduct compared to the control, and by 6 % — compared to herbicidal treatment. The number of beans per plant increased by 3.8 beans (LSD05 = 3.4), number of seeds per plant increased by 10.1 seeds (LSD05 = 7.2) and seed weight per plant increased by 1.66 g (LSD05 = 1.33) in the variant with the treatment of vegetative plants compared with the control. At the same time, soybean yield in the variants ranged from 2.15 (treatment of vegetative plants with herbicides) and 2.79 t/ha (treatment of vegetative plants with bioproduct and herbicides), in the control this indicator was 2.10 t/ha. The content of total protein and fat in ‘Nevesta’ soybean seeds increased by 2.32 and 1.07 %, respectively, compared to the control.

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Table 1
Meteorological data for the soybean growing season in 2021–2023

Month

Average daily air temperature, °C

Amount of precipitation, mm

2021

2022

2023

Average

2021

2022

2023

Average

May

11.9

11.9

13.4

12.4

96.1

61.0

41.0

39.0

June

20.2

19.5

18.7

18.8

57.1

100.0

79.0

85.0

July

23.4

23.4

22.5

21.5

104.2

38.0

73.0

106.0

August

18.8

18.8

20.3

19.2

194.2

121.0

194.0

103.0

September

14.2

13.1

13.2

12.4

35.9

39.0

102.0

66.0

Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

Table 2
Effect of bioproduct and herbicides application on amino acid composition of protein, %, in seeds of soybean cv. Nevesta

Treatment of

Total protein

including amino acids

seed

vegetative plants

Lysine

Histidine

Valin

Methyl histidine

Control (without treatment)

36.88 ± 0.22

6.74  ± 0.11

5.99 ± 0.26

7.05 ± 0.49

1.99 ± 0.21

Water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) +
Bison (1.5 L/ha)

38.37 ± 0.20

6.74  ± 0.11

5.74  ± 0.28

7.01 ± 0.56

1.92 ± 0.10

Water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) +
 Bison (1.5 L/ha) +
Bio-­Algo (5 ml/L)

39.20 ± 0.42

6.68 ± 0.25

4.15 ± 0.42

6.86 ± 0.55

1.87 ± 0.20

Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

Table 3
The effect of bioproduct and herbicides on quantitative and qualitative composition of fat, %, in seeds of soybean cv. Nevesta

Treatment

Fat

Unsaturated fatty acids

before sowing

of vegetative plants

Linolenic

Linoleum

Oleic acid

Stearic acid

Control (without treatment)

18.42 ± 0.61

8.84 ± 0.19

51.46 ± 0.47

21.73 ± 0.66

3.25 ± 0.24

Water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) + Bison (1.5 L/ha)

18.18 ± 0.42

9.17 ± 0.19

51.18 ± 0.12

21.57 ± 0.69

3.27 ± 0.17

Water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) + Bison (1.5 L/ha) +
Bio-­Algo (5 ml/L)

19.25 ± 0.43

7.80 ± 0.36

51.46 ± 0.45

24.80 ± 0.50

3.23 ± 0.07

Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

Table 4
The plant density and survival of ‘Nevesta’ soybean plants in 2021–2023

Variant

Seedling density, plants per m2

Germination, %

Plant density before harvesting,
plants per m2

Survival, %

Control (no treatment)

46.3

90.5

44.2

95.5

Distilled water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) + Bison (1.5 L/ha)

47.8

91.0

44.6

93.3

Distilled water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) + Bison (1.5 L/ha) +
Bio-­Algo (5 ml/L)

48.7

90.8

48.1

98.8

Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

Table 5
Biometric indicators of ‘Nevesta’ soybean plants in 2021–2023

Variant

Number per plant

Seed weight per plant, g

Seed treatment before sowing

Treatment of vegetative plants

beans

seeds

Control (no treatment)

16.0

38.0

5.61

Distilled water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) + Bison (1.5 L/ha)

15.9

37.3

5,60

Distilled water

Stratos Ultra (1 L/ha) + Bison (1.5 L/ha) + Bio-­Algo (5 ml/L)

19.8

48.1

7,27

LSD05

3.4

7.2

1.33

Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

 

Biological yield of soybean cv. Nevesta in 2021–2023, t/ha: 1 — control; 2 — herbicides (treatment of vegetative plants); 3 — herbicides + bioproduct (treatment of vegetative plants)
Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

 

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About the authors

Alina E. Gretchenko

Russian Research Institute of Soybean

Author for correspondence.
Email: gae@vniisoi.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3930-5672
SPIN-code: 3750-4348

Researcher, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

19 Ignatievskoe Highway, Amur region, Blagoveshchensk, 675027, Russian Federation

Maria P. Mikhailova

Russian Research Institute of Soybean

Email: mmp@vniisoi.ru
SPIN-code: 9142-3480
Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 19 Ignatievskoe Highway, Amur region, Blagoveshchensk, 675027, Russian Federation

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. Biological yield of soybean cv. Nevesta in 2021–2023, t/ha: 1 — control; 2 — herbicides (treatment of vegetative plants); 3 — herbicides + bioproduct (treatment of vegetative plants)
Source: created by A.E. Gretchenko, M.P. Mikhailova.

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